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Osteopenia, known as "low bone mass" or "low bone density", is a condition in which bone mineral density is low. [1] Because their bones are weaker, people with osteopenia may have a higher risk of fractures, and some people may go on to develop osteoporosis. [2] In 2010, 43 million older adults in the US had osteopenia. [3]
However, for male athletes, the situation is less clear, and although some studies have reported low bone density in elite male endurance athletes, [55] others have instead seen increased leg bone density. [56] [57] Heavy metals: A strong association between cadmium and lead with bone disease has been established. Low-level exposure to cadmium ...
Bone mineral density (BMD) is a measure commonly used to quantify bone health. A lower BMD value indicates an increased risk of an osteoporosis or a fracture. [13] There is a large range of factors influencing BMD. Protein consumption has shown to be beneficial for bone density by providing amino acid substrates necessary for bone matrix formation.
Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. [1]
In response to the increased bone resorption, there is increased bone formation and a high-turnover state develops which leads to bone loss and perforation of the trabecular plates. [20] As osteoclasts break down bone, patients see a loss of bone mineral density (BMD). Low BMD renders bones more brittle and hence susceptible to fracture.
Osteolytic lesion at the bottom of the radius, diagnosed by a darker section that indicates a loss of bone density. An osteolytic lesion (from the Greek words for "bone" (ὀστέον), and "to unbind" (λύειν)) is a softened section of a patient's bone formed as a symptom of specific diseases, including breast cancer and multiple myeloma.
Achondroplasia (a disorder where bones grow abnormally, which can result in short stature as in dwarfism), spondylolisthesis (a condition in which vertebrae slip forward), and osteoporosis (the most common bone disease in which bone density is lost resulting in bone weakness and increased likelihood of fracture) are some of the most common ...
A bone disease is also called an "osteopathy", but because the term osteopathy is often used to refer to an alternative health-care philosophy, use of the term can cause some confusion. [ 2 ] Bone and cartilage disorders