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Prototypical conditional sentences in English are those of the form "If X, then Y". The clause X is referred to as the antecedent (or protasis), while the clause Y is called the consequent (or apodosis). A conditional is understood as expressing its consequent under the temporary hypothetical assumption of its antecedent.
A full conditional thus contains two clauses: the subordinate clause, called the antecedent (or protasis or if-clause), which expresses the condition, and the main clause, called the consequent (or apodosis or then-clause) expressing the result. To form conditional sentences, languages use a variety of grammatical forms and constructions.
Open conditional sentences generally use the indicative mood in both protasis and apodosis, although in some general conditions the subjunctive mood is used in the protasis. Ideal and unreal conditionals use the subjunctive in the protasis, and usually they also use the subjunctive in the apodosis, though sometimes the indicative may be used.
The corresponding logical symbols are "", "", [6] and , [10] and sometimes "iff".These are usually treated as equivalent. However, some texts of mathematical logic (particularly those on first-order logic, rather than propositional logic) make a distinction between these, in which the first, ↔, is used as a symbol in logic formulas, while ⇔ is used in reasoning about those logic formulas ...
Conditional sentence, a sentence type used to refer to hypothetical situations and their consequences Indicative conditional, a conditional sentence expressing "if A then B" in a natural language; Counterfactual conditional, a conditional sentence indicating what would be the case if its antecedent were true
Conditional sentences of this kind are referred to by Smyth as the "more vivid" future conditions, and are very common. [16] In the following examples, the protasis has the present subjunctive, and the apodosis has the future indicative: ἥξω παρὰ σὲ αὔριον, ἐὰν θεὸς ἐθέλῃ. (Plato) [17]
For example: 'I would sit': ül (sit) + ne + k (referring to the person I) = ülnék. (In Hungarian, when a word ends with a vowel, and a suffix or a marker or an affix is added to its end, the vowel becomes long.) When making an if-sentence, the conditional mood is used in both apodosis and the protasis: Elmennék Olaszországba, ha lenne ...
A conditional statement may refer to: A conditional formula in logic and mathematics, which can be interpreted as: Material conditional; Strict conditional; Variably strict conditional; Relevance conditional; A conditional sentence in natural language, including: Indicative conditional; Counterfactual conditional; Biscuit conditional