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If the actual size of the disk exceeds the maximum partition size representable using the legacy 32-bit LBA entries in the MBR partition table, the recorded size of this partition is clipped at the maximum, thereby ignoring the rest of the disk. This amounts to a maximum reported size of 2 TiB, assuming a disk with 512 bytes per sector (see 512e).
Since block addresses and sizes are stored in the partition table of an MBR using 32 bits, the maximum size, as well as the highest start address, of a partition using drives that have 512-byte sectors (actual or emulated) cannot exceed 2 TiB−512 bytes (2 199 023 255 040 bytes or 4 294 967 295 (2 32 −1) sectors × 512 (2 9) bytes per sector ...
The partition type (or partition ID) in a partition's entry in the partition table inside a master boot record (MBR) is a byte value intended to specify the file system the partition contains or to flag special access methods used to access these partitions (e.g. special CHS mappings, LBA access, logical mapped geometries, special driver access, hidden partitions, secured or encrypted file ...
According to Microsoft, the basic data partition is the equivalent to master boot record (MBR) partition types 0x06 , 0x07 (NTFS or exFAT), and 0x0B . [2] In practice, it is equivalent to 0x01 ( FAT12 ), 0x04 ( FAT16 ), 0x0C (FAT32 with logical block addressing ), and 0x0E (FAT16 with logical block addressing) types as well.
However, the common DOS style Master Boot Record (MBR) partition table only supports disk partitions up to 2 TiB in size. For larger partitions this needs to be replaced by another scheme, for instance the GUID Partition Table (GPT) which has the same 64-bit limit as the current INT 13h Extensions.
In particular, the MBR limits on the number and size of disk partitions (up to four primary partitions per disk, and up to 2 TB (2 × 2 40 bytes) per disk) are relaxed. [41] More specifically, GPT allows for a maximum disk and partition size of 8 ZiB (8 × 2 70 bytes). [42] [43]
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The term is most commonly associated with the MBR partition table of a Master Boot Record (MBR) in PCs, but it may be used generically to refer to other formats that divide a disk drive into partitions, such as: GUID Partition Table (GPT), Apple partition map (APM), [12] or BSD disklabel. [13]