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The Chinese garden is a landscape garden style which has evolved over three thousand years. It includes both the vast gardens of the Chinese emperors and members of the imperial family, built for pleasure and to impress, and the more intimate gardens created by scholars, poets, former government officials, soldiers and merchants, made for reflection and escape from the outside world.
Chinese landscape painting timeline. Shan shui painting first began to develop in the 5th century, [1] in the Liu Song dynasty. [2] It was later characterized by a group of landscape painters such as Zhang Zeduan, [3] most of them already famous, who produced large-scale landscape paintings. These landscape paintings usually centered on mountains.
Landscape paintings often depicted the exotic and fantastical mountains of southern China. In Chinese society, there is a long-time appreciation of natural beauty. The early themes of poems, artworks are associated with agriculture and everyday life associates with fields, animals. On the other hand, later Chinese painting pursuits majesty and ...
The classic Chinese perspective of three planes is evident - near, middle (represented by water and mist), and far. Unlike earlier examples of Chinese landscape art, the grandeur of nature is the main theme, rather than merely providing a backdrop. [3] A packhorse train can barely be seen emerging from a wood at the base of a towering precipice.
According to UNESCO, the gardens of Suzhou "represent the development of Chinese landscape garden design over more than two thousand years," [3] and they are the "most refined form" of garden art. [3] These landscape gardens flourished in the mid-Ming to early-Qing dynasties, resulting in as much as 200 private gardens. [1]
The Tang dynasty saw the maturity of the landscape painting tradition known as shanshui (mountain-water) painting, which became the most prestigious type of Chinese painting, especially when practiced by amateur scholar-official or "literati" painters in ink-wash painting. In these landscapes, usually monochromatic and sparse, the purpose was ...