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[14]: 2 Supply chain management was then further defined as the integration of supply chain activities through improved supply chain relationships to achieve a competitive advantage. [12] In the late 1990s, "supply chain management" (SCM) rose to prominence, and operations managers began to use it in their titles with increasing regularity.
The organization offers certification programs, training tools, and networking opportunities for the purpose of increasing workplace performance in supply chain. [6] The Supply Chain Council (SCC) merged into APICS on 5 August 2014. [7] APICS also merged with the American Society of Transportation and Logistics (AST&L) in 2015. The organization ...
A supply chain is a complex logistics system that consists of facilities that convert raw materials into finished products and distribute them [1] to end consumers [2] or end customers. [3] Meanwhile, supply chain management deals with the flow of goods in distribution channels within the supply chain in the most efficient manner. [4] [5]
Institute for Supply Management (ISM) is the world's oldest and largest supply management association. [1] Founded in 1915, the U.S.-based not-for-profit educational association serves professionals and organizations with interest in supply management, providing education, training, qualifications, publications, information, and research.
The term Supply Chain Management (SCM) was coined in the early eighties (1982) by Booz Allen Consultant, Keith Oliver, [9] but remained only a buzzword for many years. The holistic concept of a cross-functional set of processes aimed to fulfill the customer's needs, started to make sense to companies, consultants and academics in the early nineties.
Up until 2008, the highest credential that ISM offered was the Certified Purchasing Manager (C.P.M.) designation, which the organization first offered in 1974. [4] The C.P.M. required qualified applicants to pass four exam modules that measured their aptitude in areas such as purchasing, supplier relations, quality issues, business law, personnel challenges, diversity and more.