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Dictionaries define humanism as a worldview or philosophical stance. According to Merriam Webster Dictionary , humanism is " ... a doctrine, attitude, or way of life centered on human interests or values; especially: a philosophy that usually rejects supernaturalism and stresses an individual's dignity and worth and capacity for self ...
Renaissance humanism is a worldview centered on the nature and importance of humanity that emerged from the study of Classical antiquity.. Renaissance humanists sought to create a citizenry able to speak and write with eloquence and clarity, and thus capable of engaging in the civic life of their communities and persuading others to virtuous and prudent actions.
Marxist humanism is a philosophical and political movement that interprets Karl Marx's works through a humanist lens, focusing on human nature and the social conditions that best support human flourishing. [1] Marxist humanists argue that Marx himself was concerned with investigating similar questions. [2]
Humanism and Its Aspirations (subtitled Humanist Manifesto III, a successor to the Humanist Manifesto of 1933) is the most recent of the Humanist Manifestos, published in 2003 by the American Humanist Association (AHA). [1] The newest one is much shorter, listing six primary beliefs, which echo themes from its predecessors:
Rationalist humanism, or rational humanism or rationalistic humanism, [1] is one of the strands of Age of Enlightenment. [2] It had its roots in Renaissance humanism, as a response to Middle Age religious integralism and obscurantism. [1] Rationalist humanism tradition includes Tocqueville and Montesquieu, and in the 19th century, Élie Halévy ...
Humanism addresses ethics without reference to the supernatural as well, attesting that ethics is a human enterprise (see naturalistic ethics). [2] [3] [4] Accounts of humanism are also careful not to treat secular humanism analogously with religions, which implies a community who strictly attempt to adhere to the same obligations or beliefs.
Transcendental humanism in philosophy considers humans as simultaneously the originator of meaning, and subject to a larger ultimate truth that exists beyond the human realm (transcendence). [1] The philosophy suggests that the humanistic approach is guided by "accuracy, truth, discovery, and objectivity" [ 1 ] that transcends or exists apart ...
Humanist Manifesto 2000: A Call for New Planetary Humanism is a book by Paul Kurtz published in 2000. It differs from the above works in that it is a full-length book rather than essay-length. It was published not by the American Humanist Association but by the Council for Secular Humanism.