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The TM-score indicates the similarity between two structures by a score between (,], where 1 indicates a perfect match between two structures (thus the higher the better). [1] Generally scores below 0.20 corresponds to randomly chosen unrelated proteins whereas structures with a score higher than 0.5 assume roughly the same fold. [ 2 ]
TM-score – a different structure comparison measure; Longest continuous segment (LCS) — A different structure comparison measure; Global distance calculation (GDC_sc, GDC_all) — Structure comparison measures that use full-model information (not just α-carbon) to assess similarity
TM-align TM-score based protein structure alignment: Cα: Pair: nil: server and download: Y. Zhang & J. Skolnick: 2005 mTM-align Multiple protein structure alignment based on TM-align Cα Multi No server and download: R. Dong, Z. Peng, Y. Zhang & J. Yang 2018 VAST Vector Alignment Search Tool: SSE: Pair: nil: server: S. Bryant: 1996 PrISM
Transitive Consistency Score (TCS) is an extended version of the T-Coffee scoring scheme. [14] It uses T-Coffee libraries of pairwise alignments to evaluate any third party MSA. Pairwise projections can be produced using fast or slow methods, thus allowing a trade-off between speed and accuracy.
The simplest scoring schemes simply give a value for each match, mismatch and indel. The step-by-step guide above uses match = 1, mismatch = −1, indel = −1. Thus the lower the alignment score the larger the edit distance, for this scoring system one wants a high score. Another scoring system might be:
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The original GDT_TS is calculated based on the superimpositions and GDT scores produced by the Local-Global Alignment (LGA) program. [1] A "high accuracy" version called GDT_HA is computed by selection of smaller cutoff distances (half the size of GDT_TS) and thus more heavily penalizes larger deviations from the reference structure.
The rest of this article is focused on only multiple global alignments of homologous proteins. The first two are a natural consequence of most representations of alignments and their annotation being human-unreadable and best portrayed in the familiar sequence row and alignment column format, of which examples are widespread in the literature.