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The Mishnah or the Mishna (/ ˈ m ɪ ʃ n ə /; Hebrew: מִשְׁנָה, romanized: mišnā, lit. 'study by repetition', from the verb שנה šānā , "to study and review," also "secondary") is the first written collection of the Jewish oral traditions that are known as the Oral Torah .
It was compiled between the late fourth century to the first half of the fifth century. [7] Both versions of the Talmud have two parts, the Mishnah (of which there is only one version), which was finalized by Judah ha-Nasi around the year 200 CE, and either the Babylonian or the Jerusalem Gemara. The Gemara is what differentiates the Jerusalem ...
The first page (2a) of the Vilna daf edition Babylonian Megillah. Masechet Megillah of the Babylonian Talmud (Gemara) is a commentary of the Amoraim that analyzes and discusses the Mishnayot of the same tractate; however, it does not do so in order: the first chapter of each mirror each other, [7] [8] as do the second chapters, [9] [4] but the Gemara's third chapter reflects the fourth of the ...
Being nearly three times as long, [4] it often complements the Mishna and expands upon it, and it served as the primary commentary on it for the Amoraim, creators of the Talmuds. [5] The Mishnah (Hebrew: משנה) is the basic compilation of the Oral law of Judaism; according to the tradition, it was compiled in 189 CE. [6]
The decisions of the tannaim are contained in the Mishnah, Beraita, Tosefta, and various Midrash compilations. The Mishnah was completed shortly after 200 CE, probably by Judah haNasi. The commentaries of the amoraim upon the Mishnah are compiled in the Jerusalem Talmud, which was completed around 400 AD, probably in Tiberias.
The Midr'she halakha, Mishnah, and Tosefta (compiled from materials pre-dating the year 200 CE) are the earliest extant works of rabbinic literature, expounding and developing Judaism's Oral Law, as well as ethical teachings. Following these came the two Talmuds: The Jerusalem Talmud, c. 450 CE
However, after Judah the Prince compiled the Mishnah around 200 CE, rabbis from Babylonia and the Land of Israel extensively studied the work. [1] Their discussions were eventually documented in a series of books, which would come to be known as the Gemara. The Gemara, when combined with the Mishnah, forms the full Talmud.
The major repositories of the Oral Torah are the Mishnah, compiled between 200–220 CE by Judah ha-Nasi, and the Gemara, a series of running commentaries and debates concerning the Mishnah, which together form the Talmud, the preeminent text of Rabbinic Judaism.