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One technique for evaluating database security involves performing vulnerability assessments or penetration tests against the database. Testers attempt to find security vulnerabilities that could be used to defeat or bypass security controls, break into the database, compromise the system etc. Database administrators or information security administrators may for example use automated ...
The first single-database computational PIR scheme to achieve communication complexity less than was created in 1997 by Kushilevitz and Ostrovsky [3] and achieved communication complexity of for any , where is the number of bits in the database. The security of their scheme was based on the well-studied Quadratic residuosity problem.
Data is encrypted when saved, and decrypted when opened given that the user knows the private key. Thus if the data is to be shared through a database the receiving individual must have a copy of the secret key used by the sender in order to decrypt and view the data. [18]
Differential privacy: An algorithm is constrained so that the results or outputs of a data analysis can't tell if a certain individuals' information is being used to analyze and form the results. This technique focuses on large databases and hides the identity of individual "inputs" who might have private data and privacy concerns,
Software-based security solutions encrypt the data to protect it from theft. However, a malicious program or a hacker could corrupt the data to make it unrecoverable, making the system unusable. Hardware-based security solutions prevent read and write access to data, which provides very strong protection against tampering and unauthorized access.
If the database contains data from a hundred people, each person's data contributes just 1%. The key insight of differential privacy is that as the query is made on the data of fewer and fewer people, more noise needs to be added to the query result to produce the same amount of privacy. Hence the name of the 2006 paper, "Calibrating noise to ...
A one-way cryptographic function is used to convert the original data into tokens, making it difficult to recreate the original data without obtaining entry to the tokenization system's resources. [4] To deliver such services, the system maintains a vault database of tokens that are connected to the corresponding sensitive data.
Database activity monitoring (DAM, a.k.a. Enterprise database auditing and Real-time protection [1]) is a database security technology for monitoring and analyzing database activity. DAM may combine data from network-based monitoring and native audit information to provide a comprehensive picture of database activity. The data gathered by DAM ...