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For example, to pass conditionally different values as an argument for a constructor of a field or a base class, it is impossible to use a plain if-else statement; in this case we can use a conditional assignment expression, or a function call. Bear in mind also that some types allow initialization, but do not allow assignment, or even that the ...
In this example, because someCondition is true, this program prints "1" to the screen. Use the ?: operator instead of an if-then-else statement if it makes your code more readable; for example, when the expressions are compact and without side-effects (such as assignments).
var x1 = 0; // A global variable, because it is not in any function let x2 = 0; // Also global, this time because it is not in any block function f {var z = 'foxes', r = 'birds'; // 2 local variables m = 'fish'; // global, because it wasn't declared anywhere before function child {var r = 'monkeys'; // This variable is local and does not affect the "birds" r of the parent function. z ...
If any cases are not associated with a value (i.e., no equals sign is used), the next specified value will be used. This allows multiple cases to share the same value without having to specify that value repeatedly (as seen in the example below). If no matching case is found, then the default value is used.
ON ERROR GOTO handler OPEN "Somefile.txt" FOR INPUT AS # 1 CLOSE # 1 PRINT "File opened successfully" END handler: PRINT "File does not exist" END ' RESUME may be used instead which returns control to original position.
In several languages, such as Common Lisp, Clojure, Lua, Object Pascal, Python, Ruby, and JavaScript, there is no need for the Elvis operator, because the language's logical disjunction operator (typically || or or) is short-circuiting and returns the its first operand if it would evaluate to a truthy value, and otherwise its second operand ...
Switch statements function somewhat similarly to the if statement used in programming languages like C/C++, C#, Visual Basic .NET, Java and exist in most high-level imperative programming languages such as Pascal, Ada, C/C++, C#, [1]: 374–375 Visual Basic .NET, Java, [2]: 157–167 and in many other types of language, using such keywords as ...
Immediately invoked function expressions may be written in a number of different ways. [3] A common convention is to enclose the function expression – and optionally its invocation operator – with the grouping operator, [4] in parentheses, to tell the parser explicitly to expect an expression.