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Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique that separates components in non-volatile mixtures. [1] It is performed on a TLC plate made up of a non-reactive solid coated with a thin layer of adsorbent material. [2] This is called the stationary phase. [2]
Around 90% of all pharmaceutical separations are performed on normal phase silica gel; however, other stationary phases such as alumina can be used for samples with dissociating compounds and cellulose for ionic compounds. [4] The reverse-phase HPTLC method (similar methodology to reverse-phase TLC) is used for compounds with high polarity.
The ICSE Examination is a school examination and the standard of the examination pre-supposes a school course of ten years duration (Classes I-X). The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education Examination will ensure a general education and all candidates are required to enter for six or more subjects and Socially Useful Productive Work (SUPW).
Chromatography – a physical method of separation that distributes components to separate between two phases, one stationary (stationary phase), the other (the mobile phase) moving in a definite direction. Eluent (sometimes spelled eluant) – the solvent or solvent fixure used in elution chromatography and is synonymous with mobile phase. [11]
Gas chromatography (GC) performs the same function as liquid chromatography, but it is used for volatile mixtures. In forensic chemistry, the most common GC instruments use mass spectrometry as their detector. [1] GC-MS can be used in investigations of arson, poisoning, and explosions to determine exactly what was used.
The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) [1] is a non-governmental privately held national-level [2] [3] board of school education in India that conducts the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) Examination for Class X and the Indian School Certificate (ISC) for Class XII. [4]
Chromatography employs continuous adsorption and desorption on a packed bed of a solid to purify multiple components of a single feed stream. In a laboratory setting, mixture of dissolved materials are typically fed using a solvent into a column packed with an appropriate adsorbent, and due to different affinities for solvent (moving phase ...
It is now primarily used as a teaching tool, having been replaced in the laboratory by other chromatography methods such as thin-layer chromatography (TLC). This analytic method has three components, a mobile phase, stationary phase and a support medium. The mobile phase is a solution that travels up the stationary phase by capillary action ...