Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
In chemistry, the common-ion effect refers to the decrease in solubility of an ionic precipitate by the addition to the solution of a soluble compound with an ion in common with the precipitate. [1] This behaviour is a consequence of Le Chatelier's principle for the equilibrium reaction of the ionic association / dissociation .
The most common method of eliminating the liquid junction potential is to place a salt bridge consisting of a saturated solution of potassium chloride (KCl) and ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3) with lithium acetate (CH 3 COOLi) between the two solutions constituting the junction. When such a bridge is used, the ions in the bridge are present in ...
The strength of inductive effect is also dependent on the distance between the substituent group and the main group that react; the longer the distance, the weaker the effect. Inductive effects can be expressed quantitatively through the Hammett equation , which describes the relationship between reaction rates and equilibrium constants with ...
A bicycloheptane acid with an electron-withdrawing substituent, X, at the 4-position experiences a field effect on the acidic proton from the C-X bond dipole. [4] A bicyclooctance acid with an electron-witituent, X, at the 4-position experiences the same field effect on the acidic proton from the C-X bondole as the related bicylcoheptane.
The relative activity of a species i, denoted a i, is defined [4] [5] as: = where μ i is the (molar) chemical potential of the species i under the conditions of interest, μ o i is the (molar) chemical potential of that species under some defined set of standard conditions, R is the gas constant, T is the thermodynamic temperature and e is the exponential constant.
In chemistry, Le Chatelier's principle (pronounced UK: / l ə ʃ æ ˈ t ɛ l j eɪ / or US: / ˈ ʃ ɑː t əl j eɪ /) [1] is a principle used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on chemical equilibrium. [2] Other names include Chatelier's principle, Braun–Le Chatelier principle, Le Chatelier–Braun principle or the equilibrium ...
The arrangement of the d-orbitals on the central atom (as determined by the 'strength' of the ligand), has a strong effect on virtually all the properties of the resulting complexes. E.g., the energy differences in the d-orbitals has a strong effect in the optical absorption spectra of metal complexes.
a torsion angle between ±90° and 180° is called anti (a) a torsion angle between 30° and 150° or between −30° and −150° is called clinal (c) a torsion angle between 0° and ±30° or ±150° and 180° is called periplanar (p) a torsion angle between 0° and ±30° is called synperiplanar (sp), also called syn-or cis-conformation