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AMD64 (also variously referred to by AMD in their literature and documentation as “AMD 64-bit Technology” and “AMD x86-64 Architecture”) was created as an alternative to the radically different IA-64 architecture designed by Intel and Hewlett-Packard, which was backward-incompatible with IA-32, the 32-bit version of the x86 architecture.
The primary defining characteristic of IA-32 is the availability of 32-bit general-purpose processor registers (for example, EAX and EBX), 32-bit integer arithmetic and logical operations, 32-bit offsets within a segment in protected mode, and the translation of segmented addresses to 32-bit linear addresses.
The Intel 386, originally released as the 80386 and later renamed i386, is the third-generation x86 architecture microprocessor from Intel. It was the first 32-bit processor in the line, making it a significant evolution in the x86 architecture.
Nvidia official driver AMD64 ATI official driver x86 ATI official driver x86-64 ATI r200 free software driver ATI r300 free software driver Nvidia free software driver Audio TV tuner, video editing, or webcam; Linux: Yes Yes Yes Yes 2.6.31+ [12] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes,nv(2d only), nouveau(3d with mesa) OSS, ALSA ...
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer, also referred to as computer architecture.A realization of an ISA is called an implementation.An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware.
In FreeBSD 7.1 ULE was the default for the i386 and AMD64 architectures. [clarification needed] DTrace support was integrated in version 7.1, [12] and NetBSD [13] and FreeBSD 7.2 brought support for multi-IPv4/IPv6 jails. [14] Code supporting the DEC Alpha architecture (supported since FreeBSD 4.0) was removed in FreeBSD 7.0. [15]
The success of the AMD64 line of processors coupled with lukewarm reception of the IA-64 architecture forced Intel to release its own implementation of the AMD64 instruction set. Intel had previously implemented support for AMD64 [ 39 ] but opted not to enable it in hopes that AMD would not bring AMD64 to market before Itanium's new IA-64 ...
Most 32-bit application software can run on a 64-bit operating system in a compatibility mode, also termed an emulation mode, e.g., Microsoft WoW64 Technology for IA-64 and AMD64. The 64-bit Windows Native Mode [ 40 ] driver environment runs atop 64-bit NTDLL.DLL , which cannot call 32-bit Win32 subsystem code (often devices whose actual ...