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A calcaneal fracture is a break of the calcaneus (heel bone). [1] Symptoms may include pain, bruising, trouble walking, and deformity of the heel . [ 1 ] It may be associated with breaks of the hip or back .
Risk factors: Fluoroquinolones, significant change in exercise, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, corticosteroids [1] [5] Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms and examination, supported by medical imaging [5] Differential diagnosis: Achilles tendinitis, ankle sprain, avulsion fracture of the calcaneus [5] Treatment: Casting or surgery [6] [5] Frequency
Pelvic fractures make up around 3% of adult fractures. [1] Stable fractures generally have a good outcome. [1] The risk of death with an unstable fracture is about 15%, while those who also have low blood pressure have a risk of death approaching 50%. [2] [4] Unstable fractures are often associated with injuries to other parts of the body. [3]
Heel pad syndrome is a pain that occurs in the center of the heel. [1] There are many causes, but a mechanical etiology is most common: risk factors include obesity. [1] Other conditions with similar symptoms include plantar fasciitis. [1]
The risk for the development of plantar fascia tears can be increased by certain factors which could include: Overweight Non- Supportive footwear; Flat arched feet; High arched feet; A sudden increase in activity/Overuse; Hormone problems; Lack of flexibility of the calf, Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia.
Patients with hip fractures are at high risk for future fractures including hip, wrist, shoulder, and spine. After treatment of the acute fracture, the risk of future fractures should be addressed. Currently, only 1 in 4 patients after a hip fracture receives treatment and work up for osteoporosis, the underlying cause of most of the fractures.
Plantar fasciitis is the most common type of plantar fascia injury [10] and is the most common reason for heel pain, responsible for 80% of cases. The condition tends to occur more often in women, military recruits, older athletes, dancers, [1] people with obesity, and young male athletes. [7] [12] [13]
An avulsion fracture at the base of the fifth metatarsal is sometimes called a "dancer's fracture" or a "pseudo Jones fracture", and usually responds readily to non-operative treatment. [18] The X-ray appearance of the developmental "apophysis" in this area may have some resemblance of a fracture, but is not a fracture; it is the secondary ...