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After World War II, the Water Festival was also celebrated in Phnom Penh in 1945, and then in 1953, after the Independence of Cambodia from France. In the 1960s, the scope of the festival grew with double the number of boats participating in the Phnom Penh boat racing festival compared to prior years.
Theravāda New Year, also known as Songkran, is the water-splashing festival celebration in the traditional new year for the Theravada Buddhist calendar widely celebrated across South and Southeast Asia in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, parts of northeast India, parts of Vietnam, and Xishuangbanna, China [2] [3] begins on 13 April of the year.
The festival is common throughout mainland Southeast Asia and has different names specific to each country, such as Peemai or Songkran (New Year) in Thailand and Laos, Chaul Chnam Thmey in Cambodia, and Thingyan in Myanmar.
The stampede occurred at the end of the three-day Water Festival to celebrate the end of the monsoon season and the semiannual reversal of flow of the Tonlé Sap River. [3] [4] [5] Initial reports suggest that festival-goers had gathered on Koh Pich ("Diamond Island"), a spit of land stretching into the Tonlé Sap, to watch boat races and then a concert. [4]
The Qingming Festival, also known as Tomb Sweeping Day (or "Chheng Meng among the Khmer locals), is a Chinese festival when people bring food and drinks to the graves of their ancestors. In Cambodia, this festival is largely associated with Pchum Ben Festival and is mainly a chance for people to pray for happiness, success and promotion. [9]
During this typically hottest part of the year, water gets thrown around adding to the party atmosphere along with dancing and music. The precise date changes year-by-year but this holiday lasts, at least, three days. This festival marks the turn of the year based on the ancient Khmer calendar and also marks the end of the prior year harvest.
There is another tradition called Srang Preah (ស្រង់ព្រះ, Sráng Preăh) : pouring water or liquid plaster (a mixture of water with some chalk powder) on elder relative, or people (mostly the younger generation is responsible for pouring the water). The Khmer New Year is also a time to prepare special dishes.
Lakhon Khol is a traditional mask theatre in Cambodia. Having originated in Bhani, a type of drama, mentioned in at least 10th century inscriptions of Cambodia, Lkhon Khol today is performed by males, wearing masks and accompanied by traditional Pinpeat orchestra. It performs only episodes from Reamker, a Cambodian version of the Indian Ramayana.