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  2. Geometric terms of location - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_terms_of_location

    Transverse – intersecting at any angle, i.e. not parallel. Orthogonal (or perpendicular) – at a right angle (at the point of intersection). Elevation – along a curve from a point on the horizon to the zenith, directly overhead. Depression – along a curve from a point on the horizon to the nadir, directly below.

  3. Sun path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_path

    It is the complement to the solar altitude or solar elevation, which is the altitude angle or elevation angle between the sun’s rays and a horizontal plane. [4] [5] At solar noon, the zenith angle is at a minimum and is equal to latitude minus solar declination angle. This is the basis by which ancient mariners navigated the oceans. [6]

  4. Tacheometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacheometry

    The difference of height Δh is computed from the angle of depression z or angle of elevation α of a fixed point on the staff and the horizontal distance S already obtained. The azimuth angle is determined as normally. Thus, all the measurements requisite to locate a point both vertically and horizontally with reference to the point where the ...

  5. Glossary of geography terms (A–M) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geography_terms...

    Also amphidrome and tidal node. A geographical location where there is little or no tide, i.e. where the tidal amplitude is zero or nearly zero because the height of sea level does not change appreciably over time (meaning there is no high tide or low tide), and around which a tidal crest circulates once per tidal period (approximately every 12 hours). Tidal amplitude increases, though not ...

  6. Terrain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrain

    This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.

  7. Trajectory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajectory

    Trajectories of projectiles launched at different elevation angles but the same speed of 10 m/s in a vacuum and uniform downward gravity field of 10 m/s 2. Points are at 0.05 s intervals and length of their tails is linearly proportional to their speed.

  8. Altitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitude

    Altitude is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context (e.g., aviation, geometry, geographical survey, sport, or atmospheric pressure).

  9. Levelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levelling

    So if Point A is at 1,000 feet of elevation, then Point B would be at approximately 1,009.30 feet of elevation, as the reference line (0°) for zenith angles is straight up going clockwise one complete revolution, and so an angle reading of less than 90 degrees (horizontal or flat) would be looking uphill and not down (and opposite for angles ...