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No guidance is provided about conversion of dates before March 5, -500, or after February 29, 2100 (both being Julian dates). For unlisted dates, find the date in the table closest to, but earlier than, the date to be converted. Be sure to use the correct column. If converting from Julian to Gregorian, add the number from the "Difference" column.
Zeller's congruence. Zeller's congruence is an algorithm devised by Christian Zeller in the 19th century to calculate the day of the week for any Julian or Gregorian calendar date. It can be considered to be based on the conversion between Julian day and the calendar date.
The Julian day number is based on the Julian Period proposed by Joseph Scaliger, a classical scholar, in 1583 (one year after the Gregorian calendar reform) as it is the product of three calendar cycles used with the Julian calendar: 28 (solar cycle) × 19 (lunar cycle) × 15 (indiction cycle) = 7980 years. Its epoch occurs when all three ...
The Gregorian calendar, like the Julian calendar, is a solar calendar with 12 months of 28–31 days each. The year in both calendars consists of 365 days, with a leap day being added to February in the leap years. The months and length of months in the Gregorian calendar are the same as for the Julian calendar.
The Gregorian calendar has the same months and month lengths as the Julian calendar, but, in the Gregorian calendar, year numbers evenly divisible by 100 are not leap years, except that those evenly divisible by 400 remain leap years [34] (even then, the Gregorian calendar diverges from astronomical observations by one day in 3,030 years).
For determination of the day of the week (1 January 2000, Saturday) the day of the month: 1 ~ 31 (1) the month: (6) the year: (0) the century mod 4 for the Gregorian calendar and mod 7 for the Julian calendar (0). adding 1+6+0+0=7. Dividing by 7 leaves a remainder of 0, so the day of the week is Saturday.
This resulted in scribes and scholars referring to them as "the first month", "the fifth month", etc. [citation needed] To keep the lunar year of 354 days in step with the solar year of 365.242 days an extra month was added periodically, much like a Gregorian leap year. [10] There were no weeks in the Sumerian calendar. [11]
The Revised Julian calendar is the same as the Gregorian calendar from 1 March 1600 to 28 February 2800, but the following day would be 1 March 2800 (RJ) or 29 February 2800 (G); this difference is denoted as '+1' in the table. 2900 is a leap year in Revised Julian, but not Gregorian: 29 February 2900 (RJ) is the same as 28 February 2900 (G ...