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The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...
If-then-else flow diagram A nested if–then–else flow diagram. In computer science, conditionals (that is, conditional statements, conditional expressions and conditional constructs) are programming language constructs that perform different computations or actions or return different values depending on the value of a Boolean expression, called a condition.
In addition to support for vectorized arithmetic and relational operations, these languages also vectorize common mathematical functions such as sine. For example, if x is an array, then y = sin (x) will result in an array y whose elements are sine of the corresponding elements of the array x. Vectorized index operations are also supported.
Statement terminator – marks the end of a statement Statement separator – demarcates the boundary between two statements; need needed for the last statement Line continuation – escapes a newline to continue a statement on the next line
Short-circuit evaluation, minimal evaluation, or McCarthy evaluation (after John McCarthy) is the semantics of some Boolean operators in some programming languages in which the second argument is executed or evaluated only if the first argument does not suffice to determine the value of the expression: when the first argument of the AND function evaluates to false, the overall value must be ...
If it already has a response V, then If V is a return value, then it is sent the request R. If V is an exception, then it is thrown to the customer of the request R. If it does not already have a response, then R is stored in the queue of requests inside the F. When F receives the response V from evaluating <Expression>, then V is stored in F and
Similarly an array element update is a procedure consisting of three arguments, for example set_array(Array, vector(i,j), value), but many languages also provide syntax such as Array[i,j] = value. A construct in a language is syntactic sugar if it can be removed from the language without any effect on what the language can do: functionality and ...
Most modern programming languages provide features to define and call functions, including syntax for accessing such features, including: Delimit the implementation of a function from the rest of the program; Assign an identifier, name, to a function; Define formal parameters with a name and data type for each; Assign a data type to the return ...