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Straw-bale construction is a building method that uses bales of straw (usually wheat [2] straw) as structural elements, building insulation, or both. This construction method is commonly used in natural building or "brown" construction projects.
Wigglesworth founded her own architectural practice in 1994. [2] Her practice has a reputation for sustainable architecture using alternative, low energy materials. [3] The practice designed the Straw Bale House in Islington, London, [4] as a home for Wigglesworth and her partner, Jeremy Till, as well as an office for Sarah Wigglesworth Architects.
This project, in collaboration with eco-pioneer Pliny Fisk, combined passive heating and cooling with broad resource, health and metabolism issues for a move toward sustainability. The first permitted straw bale building in California, it featured composting toilets and processed wastewater with an interior microbial bed filter/marsh system.
Straw is an abundant agricultural waste product, and requires little energy to bale and transport for construction. For these reasons, straw bale construction is gaining popularity as part of passive solar and other renewable energy projects. [3] Wheat straw can be used as a fibrous filler combined with polymers to produce composite lumber. [4]
The building is now stuccoed on the outside and plastered on the inside, [6] but in the course of renovations in 1976, it was determined that it had originally been plastered on both sides with locally obtained "gumbo mud". [8] Pilgrim Holiness Church is the oldest known straw-bale church in North America, [5] and
[2] [3] In a strawbale house, a truth window is often used to show the walls are actually made from straw bales. A small section of a wall is left unplastered on the interior, and a frame is used to create a window which shows only straw, which makes up the inside of the wall. [4] Many designs exist for truth windows.
An autonomous building is a building designed to be operated independently ... with construction details published in a series of three ... straw-bale construction ...
A style may include such elements as form, method of construction, building materials, and regional character. Most architecture can be classified as a chronology of styles which change over time reflecting changing fashions, beliefs and religions, or the emergence of new ideas, technology, or materials which make new styles possible.