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Cologne was an important military target, being a heavily industrialized city with many factories producing war supplies [citation needed] and the city had a large railway network, used for the transportation of troops and weapons. A total of 34,711 long tons of bombs were dropped on Cologne, with the last air raid carried out on 2 March 1945. [2]
A ruined Cologne in 1945. The German city of Cologne was bombed in 262 separate air raids [1] by the Allies during World War II, all by the Royal Air Force (RAF). A total of 34,711 long tons (35,268 t) of bombs were dropped on the city, [2] and 20,000 civilians died during the war in Cologne due to aerial bombardments.
The city was able to recover after the extensive destruction in World War II and grew by more than 30% between 1939 and 1975 sustained by a very diversified economic structure. In 2000, Cologne, as megacity with more than one million inhabitants, was Germany's fourth-largest city after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich; in northwestern Europe ...
2014 - Rainer Maria Cardinal Woelki succeeds Joachim Cardinal Meisner as archbishop of Cologne; 2015 - Henriette Reker becomes first female mayor of Cologne, one day after an assassination attempt on her at a market in Braunsfeld; 2015-2016 - 2015-16 New Year's Eve sexual assaults in Germany; 2017 May: City co-hosts the 2017 IIHF World ...
Cologne (/ k ə ˈ l oʊ n / ⓘ kə-LOHN; German: Köln ⓘ; Kölsch: Kölle ⓘ) is the largest city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with nearly 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and over 3.1 million people in the Cologne Bonn urban region.
In 1957, West Germany is one of the founding nations of the European Economic Community. In 1973, West Germany joins the United Nations (formed in 1945). In 1991, a unified Germany is allowed by the Allies of World War II to become fully sovereign after signing the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany.
A Machine Gunner's War: From Normandy to Victory with the 1st Infantry Division in World War II. Philadelphia & Oxford: Casemate. ISBN 978-1636241043. Beate Ruhm Von Oppen, ed. Documents on Germany under Occupation, 1945–1954 (Oxford University Press, 1955) online; Clay, Lucius D. The papers of General Lucius D. Clay: Germany, 1945–1949 (2 ...
After Germany fell behind on its payments in 1922, the occupation was expanded to include the industrial Ruhr valley from 1923 to 1925. In the early years of the occupation, a number of separatist movements – some supported by the French – attempted to create an independent Rhineland allied to France, but none of them had significant ...