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"Black nickel" is a dark coating that consists primarily of nickel sulfide and metallic zinc and nickel. [14] It is typically plated on brass, bronze, or steel in order to produce a non-reflective surface. [15] This type of plating is used for decorative and military purposes and does not offer much protection. [1] [2] [15]
Black nickel plating was developed around 1905, and between the two wars, black chrome plating (first German patent 1929.GP 607, 420), which saw wider use only from the mid-1950s. [14] After the First World War, the first procedures for anodic oxidation and coloring of anodically oxidized aluminium were developed (1923, 1924.DRP. 413876).
Electroless nickel-phosphorus plating, also referred to as E-nickel, is a chemical process that deposits an even layer of nickel-phosphorus alloy on the surface of a solid substrate, like metal or plastic.
Electroless nickel-boron coating (often called NiB coating) is a metal plating process that can create a layer of a nickel-boron alloy on the surface of a solid substrate, like metal or plastic. The process involves dipping the substrate in a water solution containing nickel salt and a boron-containing reducing agent , such as an ...
Plating is a finishing process in which a metal is deposited on a surface. Plating has been done for hundreds of years; it is also critical for modern technology. Plating is used to decorate objects, for corrosion inhibition, to improve solderability, to harden, to improve wearability, to reduce friction, to improve paint adhesion, to alter conductivity, to improve IR reflectivity, for ...
Brown or black can be used as a base color for copper patina. If the amount of chlorides decreases the color will be more bluish-green, if carbonate decreases, more yellow-green. [27] Black for copper. Solution of sodium polysulfide 2.5%, items must be submerged in the solution after color developing, wash, dry and wax or varnish colored object ...
Nickel plating Soon after, John Wright of Birmingham , England discovered that potassium cyanide was a suitable electrolyte for gold and silver electroplating. Wright's associates, George Elkington and Henry Elkington were awarded the first patents for electroplating in 1840.
Electroless nickel plating uses nickel salts as the metal cation source and either hypophosphite (H 2 PO 2 −) (or a borohydride-like compound) as a reducer. [6] A side reaction forms elemental phosphorus (or boron) which is incorporated in the coating. The classical deposition methods follows the following steps: