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He was born in Ledbury, Herefordshire, and discovered surrealism in 1935, spending the rest of his life exploring its potential through his paintings, collages, photographs, objects and texts. Inspired by artists such as Max Ernst , Óscar Domínguez and Salvador Dalí , he rejected academic painting in favour of techniques that expressed the ...
Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921. The word surrealism was first coined in March 1917 by Guillaume Apollinaire. [10] He wrote in a letter to Paul Dermée: "All things considered, I think in fact it is better to adopt surrealism than supernaturalism, which I first used" [Tout bien examiné, je crois en effet qu'il vaut mieux adopter surréalisme que surnaturalisme que j'avais d'abord employé].
Wolfgang Robert Paalen (July 22, 1905 in Vienna, Austria – September 24, 1959 in Taxco, Mexico) was an Austrian-Mexican painter, sculptor, and art philosopher.A member of the Abstraction-Création group from 1934 to 1935, he joined the influential Surrealist movement in 1935 and was one of its prominent exponents until 1942.
Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volos, Greece, as the eldest son of Gemma Cervetto and Evaristo de Chirico. [4] His mother was a Genoese baroness [5] of Greek origins from Smyrna, [6] and his father a Sicilian barone [3] [7] of Greek ancestry (the Kyriko or Chirico family was of Greek origin, having moved from Rhodes to Palermo in 1523 together with 4,000 other Greek ...
René Crevel, who according to Salvador Dalí was "the only serious communist among surrealists", [22] was isolated from Breton and other surrealists, who were unhappy with Crevel because of his bisexuality and annoyed with communists in general. [14] In 1938, Breton accepted a cultural commission from the French government to travel to Mexico.
Wounded and scarred by the war, [clarification needed] the four poets found solace in their friendship and poetry. Against a society that wanted to channel them into being good and useful citizens, they chose a life of bohemia. They refused the bourgeois middle-class aspirations of money, respectability, and comfort and rejected its moral codes ...
Her work was influenced by her dreams and life experiences rather than the male-centric Freudian ideas embraced by many Surrealists. Image credits: Hans-Georg Roth / Getty Images #28 Lygia Clark ...
Some Surrealists consider automatism and games to be sources of inspiration only, while others consider them starting points for finished works. Others consider the items created through automatism to be finished works themselves, needing no further refinement.