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  2. List of life zones by region - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_life_zones_by_region

    The generally strong dependency on elevation is known as altitudinal zonation: the average temperature of a location decreases as the elevation increases. The general effect of elevation depends on atmospheric physics. However, the specific climate and ecology of any particular location depends on specific features of that location.

  3. Land surface effects on climate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Land_surface_effects_on_climate

    Land surface effects on climate are wide-ranging and vary by region. Deforestation and exploitation of natural landscapes play a significant role. Some of these environmental changes are similar to those caused by the effects of global warming .

  4. Environmental gradient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_gradient

    An environmental gradient, or climate gradient, is a change in abiotic (non-living) factors through space (or time). Environmental gradients can be related to factors such as altitude, depth, temperature, soil humidity and precipitation.

  5. Effects of climate change on biomes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change...

    Climate change has a direct impact on the productivity of the boreal forest, as well as health and regeneration. [15] As a result of the rapidly changing climate, trees show declines in growth at the southern limit of their range, [ 62 ] and are migrating to higher latitudes and altitudes (northward) to remain their climatic habitat, but some ...

  6. Terrain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrain

    This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.

  7. Altitudinal zonation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitudinal_zonation

    Montane level: [7] [22] Extends from the mid-elevation forests to the tree line. The exact level of the tree line varies with local climate, but typically the tree line is found where mean monthly soil temperatures never exceed 10.0 degrees C and the mean annual soil temperatures are around 6.7 degrees C.

  8. Effects of climate change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change

    Some climate change effects: wildfire caused by heat and dryness, bleached coral caused by ocean acidification and heating, environmental migration caused by desertification, and coastal flooding caused by storms and sea level rise. Effects of climate change are well documented and growing for Earth's natural environment and human societies. Changes to the climate system include an overall ...

  9. Elevation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevation

    In aviation, the term elevation or aerodrome elevation is defined by the ICAO as the highest point of the landing area. It is often measured in feet and can be found in approach charts of the aerodrome. It is not to be confused with terms such as the altitude or height. [1] Part of a topographic map of Haleakala , showing elevation.