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Latrodectus mactans, known as southern black widow or simply black widow, and the shoe-button spider, [citation needed] is a venomous species of spider in the genus Latrodectus. The females are well known for their distinctive black and red coloring and for the fact that they will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.
The genus Latrodectus was erected by Charles Athanase Walckenaer in 1805, for the species Latrodectus tredecimguttatus and Latrodectus mactans. [ 1 ] [ 25 ] Arachnologist Herbert Walter Levi revised the genus in 1959, studying the female sexual organs and noting their similarity across described species.
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Latrodectus cinctus [rejected] Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1942 Latrodectus mactans hasselti Chrysanthus , 1975 The redback spider ( Latrodectus hasselti ), also known as the Australian black widow , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] is a species of highly venomous spider believed to originate in Australia but now, Southeast Asia and New Zealand , it has also been ...
Latrodectism (/ l æ t r ə ˈ d ɛ k t ɪ z əm /) is the illness caused by the bite of Latrodectus spiders (the black widow spider and related species). Pain, muscle rigidity, vomiting, and sweating are the symptoms of latrodectism.
Button spider is a common name used in Southern Africa to refer to local members of the spider genus, Latrodectus, the family Theridiidae.There are both black and brown button spiders in Southern Africa, that are known elsewhere as widow spiders.
Latrodectus geometricus, commonly known as the brown widow, [2] [3] brown button spider, grey widow, brown black widow, [3] house button spider or geometric button spider, is one of the widow spiders in the genus Latrodectus. As such, it is a 'cousin' to the more infamous Latrodectus mactans (black widow).
Latrodectus indistinctus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904 — Namibia, South Africa; Latrodectus karrooensis Smithers, 1944 — South Africa; Latrodectus katipo Powell, 1871 — New Zealand; Latrodectus lilianae Melic, 2000 — Spain, Algeria; Latrodectus mactans (Fabricius, 1775) — Probably native to North America only. Introduced to South America ...