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The livestock sector is also the primary driver of deforestation in the Amazon, with around 80% of all deforested land being used for cattle farming. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] Additionally, 91% of deforested land since 1970 has been used for cattle farming.
Once the body temperature of livestock animals is 3–4 °C (5.4–7.2 °F) above normal, this soon leads to "heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, heat cramps, and ultimately organ dysfunction". Livestock mortality rates are already known to be higher during the hottest months of the year, as well as during heatwaves.
Under this model, with a strong focus on commodities exports, deforestation is an economic choice, often linked to cattle ranching, mining, soybean production or logging, and influenced by factors raising the external competitiveness of Amazonian farmers, ranging from infrastructure development (especially roads) to a depreciating real exchange ...
Brazil's environmental protection agency IBAMA has imposed 365 million reais ($64 million) in fines on cattle ranches and meat packers, including the world's largest JBS SA, for raising or buying ...
Livestock grazing also drives deforestation. Further drivers are the wood industry , urbanization and mining. The effects of climate change are another cause via the increased risk of wildfires (see deforestation and climate change). Deforestation results in habitat destruction which in turn leads to biodiversity loss.
Two-thirds of Amazon deforestation results from conversion to pasture for livestock, according to the Brazilian government. JBS, with the largest slaughter capacity in the region, buys thousands ...
One of the causes of deforestation is clearing land for pasture or crops. According to British environmentalist Norman Myers, 5% of deforestation is due to cattle ranching, 19% due to over-heavy logging, 22% due to the growing sector of palm oil plantations, and 54% due to slash-and-burn farming. [43]
Cattle ranching and sugar cane growing in the Brazilian Amazon has been identified as the primary cause of deforestation, [5] accounting for about 80% of all deforestation in the region. [6] [7] This makes it the world's largest single driver of deforestation, contributing to approximately 14% of the global annual deforestation. [8]