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Unlike the present perfect, the past perfect can readily be used with an adverb specifying a past time frame for the occurrence. For example, it is incorrect to say * I have done it last Friday (the use of last Friday , specifying the past time, would entail the use of the simple past , I did it , rather than the present perfect).
The past perfect, sometimes called the pluperfect, ... the present perfect cannot be used with an expression of past time such as yesterday. ...
The pluperfect and future perfect forms combine perfect aspect with past and future tense respectively. This analysis is reflected more explicitly in the terminology commonly used in modern English grammars, which refer to present perfect, past perfect and future perfect (as well as some other constructions such as conditional perfect).
In the case of absolute tense, the grammatical expression of time reference is made relative to the present moment. It has been pointed out that the term is somewhat misleading, since this kind of time reference is not truly absolute, but is relative to the moment of speaking. [3] Most simple sentences in tensed languages exhibit absolute tense.
Some of the traditional "tenses" express time reference together with aspectual information. In Latin and French, for example, the imperfect denotes past time in combination with imperfective aspect, while other verb forms (the Latin perfect, and the French passé composé or passé simple) are used for past time reference with perfective aspect.
The past perfect progressive (sometimes referred to as the past perfect continuous) combines had (the simple past of have) with been (the past participle of be) and the present participle of the main verb: You had been waiting. It is used to refer to an ongoing action that continued up to the past time of reference.
"Third conditional" or "conditional III" is a pattern used to refer to hypothetical situations in a past time frame, generally counterfactual (or at least presented as counterfactual). Here the condition clause is in the past perfect, and the consequence is expressed using the conditional perfect. If you had called me, I would have come.
ki’ere NEG. PST vau 1. SG i PFV haere go i PREP te ART fare house ki’ere vau i haere i te fare NEG.PST 1.SG PFV go PREP ART house 'I did not go to a house.' Non-past negative (Regular negative) kāre kāre NEG. NPST tā-koe ART - 2SG puta book kāre tā-koe puta NEG.NPST ART-2SG book 'You don't have your book.' (Lit. 'Your book doesn't exist') Hawaiian The Hawaiian language conveys aspect ...