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Data science is multifaceted and can be described as a science, a research paradigm, a research method, a discipline, a workflow, and a profession. [4] Data science is "a concept to unify statistics, data analysis, informatics, and their related methods" to "understand and analyze actual phenomena" with data. [5]
Data science process flowchart from Doing Data Science, by Schutt & O'Neil (2013) Analysis refers to dividing a whole into its separate components for individual examination. [10] Data analysis is a process for obtaining raw data, and subsequently converting it into information useful for decision-making by users. [1]
A training data set is a data set of examples used during the learning process and is used to fit the parameters (e.g., weights) of, for example, a classifier. [9] [10]For classification tasks, a supervised learning algorithm looks at the training data set to determine, or learn, the optimal combinations of variables that will generate a good predictive model. [11]
The Database of Original & Non-Theoretical Uses of Topology (DONUT) is a database of scholarly articles featuring practical applications of topological data analysis to various areas of science. DONUT was started in 2017 by Barbara Giunti, Janis Lazovskis, and Bastian Rieck, [ 154 ] and as of October 2023 currently contains 447 articles. [ 155 ]
Data science involves the application of machine learning to extract knowledge from data. Subfields of machine learning include deep learning , supervised learning , unsupervised learning , reinforcement learning , semi-supervised learning , and active learning .
A review and critique of data mining process models in 2009 called the CRISP-DM the "de facto standard for developing data mining and knowledge discovery projects." [ 16 ] Other reviews of CRISP-DM and data mining process models include Kurgan and Musilek's 2006 review, [ 8 ] and Azevedo and Santos' 2008 comparison of CRISP-DM and SEMMA. [ 9 ]
Hints and the solution for today's Wordle on Sunday, December 15.
Data science is an interdisciplinary field that uses scientific methods, processes, algorithms and systems to extract or extrapolate knowledge and insights from noisy, structured and unstructured data, and apply knowledge from data across a broad range of application domains.