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The Norman French term for an earl was a comte or count; whilst in England the title count was not used for the person, the territory they controlled nevertheless became known as a 'county'. As the shires and counties were generally the same areas from the 12th century onwards, the terms shire and county came to be used interchangeably.
The word shire derives from the Old English sċir, from the Proto-Germanic *skizo (Old High German: scira), denoting an 'official charge' a 'district under a governor', and a 'care'. [1] In the UK, shire became synonymous with county, an administrative term introduced to England through the Norman Conquest in the
The counties of England are a type of subdivision of England.Counties have been used as administrative areas in England since Anglo-Saxon times. There are three definitions of county in England: the 48 ceremonial counties used for the purposes of lieutenancy; the 84 metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties for local government; [a] and the 39 historic counties.
The older term, shire is historically equivalent to county. By the Middle Ages, county had become established as the unit of local government, at least in England. [1] By the early 17th century, all of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland had been separated into counties. In Scotland shire was the only term used until after the Act of Union 1707.
This is a list of the counties of the United Kingdom.The history of local government in the United Kingdom differs between England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, and the subnational divisions within these which have been called counties have varied over time and by purpose.
The division of England into shires, later known as counties, began in the Kingdom of Wessex in the mid-Saxon period, many of the Wessex shires representing previously independent kingdoms. With the Wessex conquest of Mercia in the 9th and 10th centuries, the system was extended to central England.
England was divided into ealdormanries led by ealdormen (later earls) appointed by the king. An ealdormanry was divided into shires. The ealdorman enforced royal orders, presided over the shire court, and led the local fyrd (army). A sheriff administered each shire as the ealdorman's deputy. Shires were divided into administrative units called ...
This is a list of two-tier counties of England by population. It includes those non-metropolitan counties (also known as shire counties ) with a two-tier county council structure and does not include metropolitan counties or unitary authorities .