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The proximal radioulnar joint is a synovial pivot joint. [1] It occurs between the circumference of the head of the radius and the ring formed by the radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament. [2] The interosseous membrane of the forearm and the annular ligament stabilise the joint. [2]
The articulation between the radius and the ulna at the elbow is known as the proximal radioulnar joint. Distally, it articulates with the ulna again at the distal radioulnar joint. It forms part of the wrist joint by articulating with the scaphoid at its lateral aspect and with the lunate at its medial aspect.
The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum of the humerus.The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna, narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament.
The interosseous membrane divides the forearm into anterior and posterior compartments, serves as a site of attachment for muscles of the forearm, and transfers loads placed on the forearm. The interosseous membrane is designed to shift compressive loads (as in doing a hand-stand) from the distal radius to the proximal ulna.
The joints in the hand are joints found at the distal end of the upper limb.. The joints are: In the wrist there is the radiocarpal joint between the radius and carpus.Between the carpal bones are the intercarpal articulations and the midcarpal joint.
The quadrate ligament is a fibrous band attached to the inferior border of the radial notch on the ulna and to the neck of the radius. Its borders are strengthened by fibers from the upper border of the annular ligament. [1] The ligament is 11 mm (0.43 in) long, 8 mm (0.31 in) wide, and 1 mm (0.039 in) thick. [2]
Radioulnar synostosis is a rare condition where there is an abnormal connection between the radius and ulna bones of the forearm. [1] This can be present at birth ( congenital ), when it is a result of a failure of the bones to form separately, or following an injury (post-traumatic).
The oblique cord is a ligament between the ulnar and radius bones in the forearm near the elbow.It takes the form of a small, flattened band, extending distally and laterally, from the lateral side of the ulnar tuberosity at the base of the coronoid process to the radius a little below the radial tuberosity. [1]