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Capital adequacy ratio is the ratio which determines the bank's capacity to meet the time liabilities and other risks such as credit risk, operational risk etc. In the most simple formulation, a bank's capital is the "cushion" for potential losses, and protects the bank's depositors and other lenders.
A capital requirement (also known as regulatory capital, capital adequacy or capital base) is the amount of capital a bank or other financial institution has to have as required by its financial regulator. This is usually expressed as a capital adequacy ratio of equity as a percentage of risk-weighted
Basel III requires banks to have a minimum CET1 ratio (Common Tier 1 capital divided by risk-weighted assets (RWAs)) at all times of: . 4.5%; Plus: A mandatory "capital conservation buffer" or "stress capital buffer requirement", equivalent to at least 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, but could be higher based on results from stress tests, as determined by national regulators.
A capital adequacy rating of 4 is appropriate if the credit union is "significantly undercapitalized" but asset quality, earnings, credit or interest-rate problems will not cause the credit union to become critically undercapitalized in the next 12 months.
Tier 1 capital is the core measure of a bank's financial strength from a regulator's point of view. [ note 1 ] It is composed of core capital , [ 1 ] which consists primarily of common stock and disclosed reserves (or retained earnings ), [ 2 ] but may also include non-redeemable non-cumulative preferred stock .
In addition to the Basel III Capital Adequacy Ratio requirements, on November 10, 2014 the FSB issued a consultative document that defines a global standard for minimum amounts of Total Loss Absorbency Capacity ("TLAC") to be held by G-SIBs. The TLAC are amounts to be held in addition to the Capital Adequacy Ratio requirements, by G-SIBs. [14]
Supervisory review of an institution's capital adequacy and internal assessment process; Effective use of disclosure as a lever to strengthen market discipline and encourage sound banking practices. Capital requirements for operational risk were introduced for the first time. The ratio of equity and credit is 8% under Basel II. The standards ...
The term standardized approach (or standardised approach) refers to a set of credit risk measurement techniques proposed under Basel II, which sets capital adequacy rules for banking institutions. Under this approach the banks are required to use ratings from external credit rating agencies to quantify required capital for credit risk. In many ...