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Parthenogenesis is a mode of asexual reproduction in which offspring are produced by females without the genetic contribution of a male. Among all the sexual vertebrates, the only examples of true parthenogenesis, in which all-female populations reproduce without the involvement of males, are found in squamate reptiles (snakes and lizards). [1]
Some documented species, specifically salamanders and geckos, that rely on obligate parthenogenesis as their major method of reproduction. As such, there are over 80 species of unisex reptiles (mostly lizards but including a single snake species), amphibians and fishes in nature for which males are no longer a part of the reproductive process. [41]
These lizards live in the dry and sometimes harsh climate of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. All these asexual species appear to have arisen through the hybridization of two or three of the sexual species in the genus leading to polyploid individuals. The mechanism by which the mixing of chromosomes from two or three species ...
Females of species have the ability to reproduce asexually, without sperm from a male. The process is called parthenogenesis, from the Greek words for “virgin” and “birth.”
This reduced need for asexual reproduction increases the fitness of young through hybrid vigour and increased diversity. [31] As well as this, sexually reproducing geckos are reported to be more robust and have higher survival rates than those which reproduce asexually. [12]
On rare occasions, gargoyle geckos can reproduce asexually via parthenogenesis. In their native habitat of southern New Caledonia, they have been known to sustain themselves from a mixed diet. One study [ 3 ] found that they regularly consume a wide taxonomic and ecological variety of arthropods , lizard prey including geckos and skinks, and ...
Bellactis lux also seem to reproduce asexually, and they may live near one another in crevices in shallow waters in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, according to scientists. Specimens were collected ...
Most geckos lay a small clutch of eggs. Some are live-bearing, and a few can reproduce asexually via parthenogenesis. Geckos also have a large diversity of sex-determining mechanisms, including temperature-dependent sex determination and both XX/XY and ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes with multiple transitions among them over evolutionary time. [58]