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The Kaplan–Meier estimator, [1] [2] also known as the product limit estimator, is a non-parametric statistic used to estimate the survival function from lifetime data. In medical research, it is often used to measure the fraction of patients living for a certain amount of time after treatment.
That is, 97% of subjects survive more than 2 months. Survival function 2. Median survival may be determined from the survival function: The median survival is the point where the survival function intersects the value 0.5. [4] For example, for survival function 2, 50% of the subjects survive 3.72 months. Median survival is thus 3.72 months.
This topic is called reliability theory, reliability analysis or reliability engineering in engineering, duration analysis or duration modelling in economics, and event history analysis in sociology. Survival analysis attempts to answer certain questions, such as what is the proportion of a population which will survive past a certain time?
Paul Meier (July 24, 1924 – August 7, 2011) [1] was a statistician who promoted the use of randomized trials in medicine. [2] [3]Meier is known for introducing, with Edward L. Kaplan, the Kaplan–Meier estimator, [4] [5] a method for measuring how many patients survive a medical treatment from one duration to another, taking into account that the sampled population changes over time.
Isotonic regression has applications in statistical inference.For example, one might use it to fit an isotonic curve to the means of some set of experimental results when an increase in those means according to some particular ordering is expected.
The image shows 2 curves that are identical to the figure on page 126 of First Aid for the USMLE Step 2 CK, 6th edition, by Le, Bushan, and Skapik. The text labels have been changed and color added, but the curves are exactly the same--even the tick marks correspond perfectly.
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Edward Lynn Kaplan (May 11, 1920 – September 26, 2006) [1] was a mathematician most famous for the Kaplan–Meier estimator, [2] developed together with Paul Meier. Biography [ edit ]