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In the NO − 3 anion, the oxidation state of the central nitrogen atom is V (+5). This corresponds to the highest possible oxidation number of nitrogen. Nitrate is a potentially powerful oxidizer as evidenced by its explosive behaviour at high temperature when it is detonated in ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3), or black powder, ignited by the shock wave of a primary explosive.
Due to relatively weak N–O bonding, all nitrogen oxides are unstable with respect to N 2 and O 2, which is the principle behind the catalytic converter, and prevents the oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere from combusting.
In the solid state it is ionic with structure [NO 2] + [NO 3] −; as a gas and in solution it is molecular O 2 N–O–NO 2. Hydration to nitric acid comes readily, as does analogous reaction with hydrogen peroxide giving peroxonitric acid (HOONO 2). It is a violent oxidising agent. Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide decomposes as follows: [15]
Bacteria are able to convert ammonia to nitrite and nitrate but they are inhibited by light so this must occur below the euphotic zone. [43] Ammonification or Mineralization is performed by bacteria to convert organic nitrogen to ammonia. Nitrification can then occur to convert the ammonium to nitrite and nitrate. [44]
2 + O 3 → NO 3 + O 2. This reaction can be performed also in the solid phase or water solutions, by irradiating frozen gas mixtures, flash photolysis and radiolysis of nitrate salts and nitric acid, and several other methods. [1] Nitrogen trioxide is a product of the photolysis of dinitrogen pentoxide N 2 O 5, chlorine nitrate ClONO 2, and ...
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NO 2 also reacts with ozone to form nitrate radical NO 2 + O 3 → NO 3 + O 2. During the daytime, NO 3 is quickly photolyzed back to NO 2, but at night it can react with a second NO 2 to form dinitrogen pentoxide. NO 2 + NO 3 (+M) → N 2 O 5 (+M). N 2 O 5 reacts rapidly with liquid water (in aerosol particles or cloud drops, but not in the ...
In the solid state it is ionic with structure [NO 2] + [NO 3] −; as a gas and in solution it is molecular O 2 N–O–NO 2. Hydration to nitric acid comes readily, as does analogous reaction with hydrogen peroxide giving peroxonitric acid (HOONO 2). It is a violent oxidising agent. Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide decomposes as follows: [66]