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Specifically, saccade abnormalities have been observed in this disorder, with people showing changes in saccade rate, amplitude and accuracy. [25] Such deficits have been linked to medication with lithium, as well as to damage in frontal lobe regions. [25] Further, people with schizophrenia often exhibit errors in smooth pursuit eye movements.
Shirley Ardell Mason (January 25, 1923 – February 26, 1998) was an American art teacher [1] who was reported to have dissociative identity disorder (previously known as multiple personality disorder).
"First degree relatives" are found to have the highest chance of being diagnosed with schizophrenia. Children of individuals with schizophrenia have a 8.2% chance of having schizophrenia while the general population is at an 0.86% chance of having this disorder. [28] These results indicate that genes play a big role in one developing schizophrenia.
The DSM-V lists visual hallucinations as a primary diagnostic criterion for several psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. [17] [18] Visual hallucinations can occur as a symptom of the above psychotic disorders in 24% to 72% of patients at some point in the course of their illness. [3] [19] [11]
But for contemporary psychiatry, schizophrenia does not involve a person changing among distinct multiple personalities. The stigmatising confusion arises in part due to Bleuler's own use of the term schizophrenia , which for many signalled a split mind, and his documenting of a number of cases with split personalities within his classic 1911 ...
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Paradoxical laughter has been consistently identified as a recurring emotional-cognitive symptom in schizophrenia diagnosis. Closely linked to paradoxical laughter is the symptom; inappropriate affect, defined by the APA Dictionary of Psychology as "emotional responses that are not in keeping with the situation or are incompatible with expressed thoughts or wishes". [3]
Regarding posthumous diagnoses: only a few famous people are believed to have been affected by schizophrenia. Most of these listed have been diagnosed based on evidence in their own writings and contemporaneous accounts by those who knew them. Also, persons prior to the 20th century may have incomplete or speculative diagnoses of schizophrenia.