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The body of the hyoid bone is the central part of the hyoid bone. [clarification needed]At the front, the body is convex and directed forward and upward. It is crossed in its upper half by a well-marked transverse ridge with a slight downward convexity, and in many cases a vertical median ridge divides it into two lateral halves.
The head rests on the top part of the vertebral column, with the skull joining at C1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas).The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine.
Medial to it are the hyoid bone, the wall of the pharynx, the superior laryngeal nerve, and a portion of the parotid gland. Posterior to it, near its origin, is the superior laryngeal nerve ; and higher up, it is separated from the internal carotid by the styloglossus and stylopharyngeus muscles , the glossopharyngeal nerve , the pharyngeal ...
The suprahyoid branch of the lingual artery runs along the upper border of the hyoid bone, supplying oxygenated blood to the muscles attached to it and joining (anastomosing) with its fellow of the opposite side. The dorsal lingual branches of lingual artery consist usually of two or three small branches which arise beneath the hyoglossus.
The infrahyoid branch (or hyoid artery): a small artery that runs along the lower border of the hyoid bone beneath the thyrohyoid muscle. This artery connects with the infrahyoid branch of the opposite side. The infrahyoid branch is a derivative of the second aortic arch.
Muscles of the neck attach to the skull, hyoid bone, clavicles and the sternum. They bound the two major neck triangles; anterior and posterior. [1] [7] Anterior triangle is defined by the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, inferior edge of the mandible and the midline of the neck.
In the majority of abnormal cases, the bifurcation occurs higher than usual, the artery dividing opposite or even above the hyoid bone; more rarely, it occurs below, opposite the middle of the larynx, or the lower border of the cricoid cartilage. In at least one reported case, the artery was only 4 cm in length and divided at the root of the neck.
The thyrohyoid muscle is innervated (along with the geniohyoid muscle [1] [3]: 457, 709 ) by a branch of the cervical plexus [4] [3]: 538 - the nerve to thyrohyoid muscle (thyrohyoid branch of ansa cervicalis) [4] - which is formed by fibres of the cervical spinal nerve 1 (C1) [1] [2] [3]: 538 (and - according to some sources - cervical spinal nerve 2 as well [4] [3]: 457 ) that join and ...