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Quality management ensures that an organization, product or service consistently functions well. It has four main components: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement. [1] Quality management is focused both on product and service quality and the means to achieve it.
The first edition of Juran's Quality Control Handbook was published in 1951. He also developed the "Juran's trilogy", an approach to cross-functional management that is composed of three managerial processes: quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement. These functions all play a vital role when evaluating quality.
Total quality management (TQM) is an organization-wide effort to "install and make a permanent climate where employees continuously improve their ability to provide on-demand products and services that customers will find of particular value."
The plan–do–check–act cycle is an example of a continual improvement process. The PDCA (plan, do, check, act) or (plan, do, check, adjust) cycle supports continuous improvement and kaizen. It provides a process for improvement which can be used since the early design (planning) stage of any process, system, product or service.
The importance of actually measuring Quality Culture throughout the organization is illustrated by a survey that was done by Forbes Insights in partnership with the American Society for Quality. 75% of senior or C-suite titles believed that their organization exhibits "a comprehensive, group-wide culture of quality." But agreement with that ...
Knowledge management plays an important part in quality engineering. [10] The quality engineering knowledge base comprises manifold structured and unstructured data , ranging from code repositories via requirements specifications, standards, test reports and enterprise architecture models to system configurations and runtime logs.
Quality, cost, delivery (QCD), sometimes expanded to quality, cost, delivery, morale, safety (QCDMS), [1] is a management approach originally developed by the British automotive industry. [2] QCD assess different components of the production process and provides feedback in the form of facts and figures that help managers make logical decisions.
[1] [2] Quality policy management is a strategic item. [3] Section 5.2 of the ISO 9001:2015 standard requires a written, well-defined quality policy that is communicated and understood within an organization. Section 5.2 also sets out some of the requirements for quality policies. [4]