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It contains 38.28% potassium by mass. In the monohydrate form, it is highly hygroscopic and deliquescent. As a food additive, potassium citrate is used to regulate acidity, and is known as E number E332. Medicinally, it may be used to control kidney stones derived from uric acid or cystine.
Kidney stone disease, also known as renal calculus disease, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (renal calculus) develops in the urinary tract. [2] Renal calculi typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. [2] A small calculus may pass without causing symptoms. [2]
Potassium citrate/potassium hydrogen carbonate, sold under the brand name Sibnayal, is a fixed-dose combination medication intended for the treatment of distal renal tubular acidosis. [20] It contains potassium citrate and potassium hydrogen carbonate. [20]
Thiazide therapy has proven effective in preventing the formation of kidney stones, reducing urinary calcium, and preventing the periodic occurrence of nephrolithiasis. [8] Thiazides lessen urinary citrate excretion and blood potassium levels, making it recommended to prescribe potassium citrate alongside thiazide therapy. [3]
For kidney stone prevention or alkalinization, it is most often accompanied by mineral(s) sodium or potassium. Less frequently, magnesium citrate may be included. [2] This results in compounds like Trimagnesium citrate, [5] Tripotassium citrate [6] [7] [8] and Trisodium citrate: [9] Potassium citrate: K 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 or C 6 H 5 K 3 O 7 [10 ...
Around half of clinics give oral potassium citrate supplements empirically to all ketogenic diet patients, with some evidence that this reduces the incidence of stone formation. However, this has not been tested in a prospective controlled trial. [19] Kidney stone formation (nephrolithiasis) is associated with the diet for four reasons: [41]
Citric acid/potassium-sodium citrate is a drug used in the treatment of metabolic acidosis (a disorder in which the blood is too acidic). It is made up of citrate (the weak base of citric acid), a sodium cation and potassium cation. It can also be used for the treatment of kidney stones [1] by treating hypocitraturia. [2]
Cases of recurrent kidney stone formation may warrant evaluation for possible underlying metabolic abnormalities. [8] In patients with low levels of citrate in the urine (hypocitraturia) and incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis, treatment with potassium citrate helps prevent the formation of new kidney stones. [8]