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Barnard's Star is a small red dwarf star in the constellation of Ophiuchus.At a distance of 5.96 light-years (1.83 pc) from Earth, it is the fourth-nearest-known individual star to the Sun after the three components of the Alpha Centauri system, and is the closest star in the northern celestial hemisphere. [15]
Barnard's Star, showing position every 5 years in the period 1985–2005.Barnard's Star is the star with the highest proper motion. [1]In astronomy, stellar kinematics is the observational study or measurement of the kinematics or motions of stars through space.
Barnard's Star has the largest proper motion of all stars, moving at 10.3″ yr −1. Large proper motion usually strongly indicates an object is close to the Sun. This is so for Barnard's Star, about 6 light-years away. After the Sun and the Alpha Centauri system, it is the nearest known star.
Barnard measured its proper motion to 10.3 arcseconds per year, which remains the largest known proper motion of any star relative to the Sun. Lying at a distance of about 1.8 parsecs or 5.96 light-years , Barnard's Star is the second closest known star system to the Sun and the fourth closest known individual star after the three components of ...
There is no specific velocity that is considered high, but the proper motion article notes that the majority of stars have a proper motion of 0.01 arc-seconds per year. Note that the closer a star is to earth, the faster it will appear to travel in arc-seconds per year for a given "real" velocity; therefore, the PM values here are apparent ...
Barnard's Star is a very low-mass star in the constellation Ophiuchus.In 1916, American astronomer E. E. Barnard measured its proper motion to 10.3 arcseconds per year, which remains the largest known proper motion of any star relative to the Sun.
The star, whose mass is roughly half that of the Sun, is currently 62 light-years from the Solar System. It was first noticed in 1999 using data from the Hipparcos satellite, and was estimated to pass less than 1.3 light-years (0.40 pc) from the Sun in 1.4 million years. [ 73 ]
The faint Barnard's Star is named for Edward Barnard after he discovered in 1916 that it had a large proper motion relative to other stars. This is the second nearest star system to the Sun, second only to the Alpha Centauri system. He was also a pioneering astrophotographer.