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Reading by using phonics is often referred to as decoding words, sounding-out words or using print-to-sound relationships.Since phonics focuses on the sounds and letters within words (i.e. sublexical), [13] it is often contrasted with whole language (a word-level-up philosophy for teaching reading) and a compromise approach called balanced literacy (the attempt to combine whole language and ...
The Spalding Method teaches reading by focusing first on phonics and writing. It was developed by Romalda Bishop Spalding in the late 1950s [ 1 ] as a multi-disciplinary educational tool. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
In 2002, author Samuel L. Blumenfeld, a supporter of teaching reading skills with phonics reading, argued that the Dick and Jane series and others that used the whole-word, look-say, or sight-reading method caused poor reading skills among the millions of American students who learned to read using this method. [20]
The Institute of Education Sciences (the independent, non-partisan statistics, research, and evaluation arm of the U.S. Department of Education), describes the approach as follows: "Orton-Gillingham is a broad, multisensory approach to teaching reading and spelling that can be modified for individual or group instruction at all reading levels.
The National Reading Panel concluded that systematic phonics instruction is more effective than unsystematic phonics or non-phonics instruction. [ 6 ] Systematic phonics is not one specific method of teaching phonics; it is a term used to describe phonics approaches that are taught explicitly and in a structured, systematic manner.
Phonics should be taught systematically and discretely, however, it should be set within a "broad and rich" "multisensory" curriculum. The reports stressed the importance of language development (including speaking and listening). The reports also recommended that the "searchlights" model of reading should be replaced with the simple view of ...
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There are a wide variety of phonics and decodable reader series available. [6] Examples include BOB Books, [7] Reading Elephant Phonics Books, [8] Dog on a Log Books, [9] FlyLeaf Emergent Readers, [10] Learning at the Primary Pond Decodable Readers, [11] and Practice Readers Books. [12]