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In economics, an implicit cost, also called an imputed cost, implied cost, or notional cost, is the opportunity cost equal to what a firm must give up in order to use a factor of production for which it already owns and thus does not pay rent. It is the opposite of an explicit cost, which is borne directly. [1]
The latter view is the consensus of later classical economists, with the Ricardo-Malthus-West theory of rent.) David Ricardo mixed this cost-of-production theory of prices with the labor theory of value, as that latter theory was understood by Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk and others. This is the theory that prices tend toward proportionality to the ...
what production levels are possible given a set of resources; the trade-off between various input combinations; the marginal rate of transformation; Cost side of Industry: Cost theory. Different types of costs. opportunity cost; accounting cost or historical costs; transaction cost; sunk cost; marginal cost; The isocost line; Cost-of-production ...
It is different from accounting profit, which only relates to the explicit costs that appear on a firm's financial statements. An accountant measures the firm's accounting profit as the firm's total revenue minus only the firm's explicit costs. An economist includes all costs, both explicit and implicit costs, when analyzing a firm. Therefore ...
In economics, the theory of imputation, first expounded by Carl Menger, maintains that factor prices are determined by output prices [6] (i.e. the value of factors of production is the individual contribution of each in the final product, but its value is the value of the last contributed to the final product (the marginal utility before reaching the point Pareto optimal).
Production theory; Production theory describes the quantity of a good a business chooses to produce. [17] This decision is informed by a variety of factors, including raw material inputs, labor, and capital costs like machinery. [17] The production theory states that a business will strive to employ the cheapest combination of inputs to produce ...
Figure 6: Production possibilities set in the Robinson Crusoe economy with two commodities. The boundary of the production possibilities set is known as the production-possibility frontier (PPF). [9] This curve measures the feasible outputs that Crusoe can produce, with a fixed technological constraint and given amount of resources.
Economic rent is also independent of opportunity cost, unlike economic profit, where opportunity cost is an essential component. Economic rent is viewed as unearned revenue [ 2 ] while economic profit is a narrower term describing surplus income earned by choosing between risk-adjusted alternatives.