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The Scaled Composites Model 316, [2] known as SpaceShipOne, was a spaceplane designed to: Carry three humans (one of them a pilot) in a sea-level pressurized cabin. Be propelled by rocket from an altitude of 15 km (9.3 mi) to in excess of 100 km (62 mi). Reenter atmosphere and shed kinetic energy in an aerodynamically stable configuration.
The nitrous oxide is stored at room temperature, at a pressure of 4.8 MPa (700 psi). The MONODS is refilled from a commercial supplier, which uses 50 m 3 (1,800 cu ft) tankers and delivers the nitrous oxide at about −17 °C (1 °F) and 2 MPa (290 psi). The MONODS heats the nitrous oxide to room temperature, increasing its pressure.
SpaceShipOne ranks among the world's first spaceplanes in the first 50 years of human spaceflight, with the North American X-15, Space Shuttle, Buran, and Boeing X-37. SpaceShipOne is the second spaceplane to have launched from a mother ship , preceded only by the North American X-15 .
The White Knight and SpaceShipOne were designed by Burt Rutan and manufactured by Scaled Composites, a private company founded by Rutan in 1982. On three separate flights in 2004, White Knight conducted SpaceShipOne into flight, and SpaceShipOne then performed a sub-orbital spaceflight, becoming the first private craft to reach space.
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SpaceShipOne takes off. X PRIZE rules required that the date and place of competitive flights be announced to the X PRIZE Foundation at least 60 days before the flight. Due to problems encountered during flight 15P on June 21, 2004, Scaled Composites did not immediately set a date for their competitive flights, suspecting that another test flight might be required.
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