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Otitis externa responds well to treatment, but complications may occur if it is not treated. Individuals with underlying diabetes, disorders of the immune system, or history of radiation therapy to the base of the skull are more likely to develop complications, including malignant otitis externa. [23]
Malignant otitis externa is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of otitis externa in which the infection spreads from the ear canal into the surrounding skull base, hence becoming an osteomyelitis. [16] It occurs largely in diabetic patients. [20]
The most common aetiology of acute otitis externa is bacterial infection, [5] while chronic cases are often associated with underlying skin diseases such as eczema or psoriasis. [6] A third form, malignant otitis externa, or necrotising otitis externa, is a potentially life-threatening, invasive infection of the external auditory canal and ...
Gradenigo's syndrome, also called Gradenigo-Lannois syndrome, [1] [2] is a complication of otitis media and mastoiditis involving the apex of the petrous temporal bone. It was first described by Giuseppe Gradenigo in 1904. [3]
Malignancy, malignant neoplasm and malignant tumor are synonymous with cancer; Malignant ascites; Malignant transformation; Non-oncologic disorders referred to as "malignant" include: Malignant hypertension; Malignant hyperthermia; Malignant otitis externa; Malignant tertian malaria (malaria caused specifically by Plasmodium falciparum)
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Since this lesion is usually a complication of long standing otitis media, it is important to use an appropriate antibiotic therapy regimen. If the patient fails first line antibiotics, then second-line therapies should be employed, especially after appropriate culture and sensitivity testing.
Cholesteatoma is a destructive and expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear and/or mastoid process. [1] [2] Cholesteatomas are not cancerous as the name may suggest, but can cause significant problems because of their erosive and expansile properties.