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The Akkadian Empire in 2300 BC was the second civilization to subsume independent societies into a single state (the first being ancient Egypt around 3100 BC). It has been claimed that the collapse of the state was influenced by a wide-ranging, centuries-long drought.
Climate change is causing Egypt’s already hot and arid climate to experience environmental stresses including extreme temperatures, droughts, floods, and sea level rise. [1] As a highly vulnerable nation to climate change, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] these extreme conditions will have significant impacts on the lives of Egyptians due to resulting food ...
The Famine Stela is an inscription written in Egyptian hieroglyphs located on Sehel Island in the Nile near Aswan in Egypt, which tells of a seven-year period of drought and famine during the reign of pharaoh Djoser of the Third Dynasty. It is thought that the stele was inscribed during the Ptolemaic Kingdom, which ruled from 332 to 31 BC.
Egypt is in participation with Ethiopia and Uganda in some projects and establishing power generation stations. Egypt financed several contributions made to water conservation: the assessment of available water resources, climate change, drought, Basin's water quality, and water planning.
The dams also protected Egypt from the droughts in 1972–1973 and 1983–1987 that devastated East and West Africa. The High Dam allowed Egypt to reclaim about 2.0 million feddan (840,000 hectares) in the Nile Delta and along the Nile Valley, increasing the country's irrigated area by a third.
Famine in the Yellow River Basin caused by severe drought and locust plagues. During the first month 5387 families fled, then approximately 10% of the remaining population starved to death. [15] China: 963–968: Famine: Egypt: 996–997 Famine in the Fatimid Caliphate, with food price increases [16] Egypt: 1004–1007
Egypt is the eighth most water stressed country in the world. Egypt receives between 20 mm (0.79 in) and 200 mm (7.87 in) of annual average precipitation along the narrow Mediterranean coast , but south from Cairo, the average drops to nearly 0 millimetres (0.00 inches) in the central and the southern part of the country.
The coastal marshes feature drought and salt-tolerant shrubs such as Halocnemum and Nitraria retusa. Along the river upstream, the banks support dense growths of reeds (genus Phragmites) and bulrushes (genus Typha). The Nile in Egypt has 533 species of plants, eight of which are endemic. [4]