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The supraspinatus muscle performs abduction of the arm, and pulls the head of the humerus medially towards the glenoid cavity. [5] It independently prevents the head of the humerus from slipping inferiorly. [5] The supraspinatus works in cooperation with the deltoid muscle to perform abduction, including when the arm is in an adducted position. [5]
Abduction and adduction of the shoulder (frontal plane). Abduction is carried out by the deltoid and the supraspinatus in the first 90 degrees. From 90-180 degrees it is the trapezius and the serratus anterior. Adduction is carried out by the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major and the subscapularis.
Deltoid muscle with superior limb in abduction. When all its fibers contract simultaneously, the deltoid is the prime mover of arm abduction along the frontal plane. The arm must be medially rotated for the deltoid to have maximum effect. [13] This makes the deltoid an antagonist muscle of the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi during arm ...
Shoulder anatomy, front view Shoulder anatomy, back view. The rotator cuff is an anatomical term given to the group of four muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. [3] These muscles are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis and that hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity during ...
Paralysis of the teres minor muscle and deltoid muscle, resulting in loss of abduction of arm (from 15-90 degrees), weak flexion, extension, and rotation of shoulder. Paralysis of deltoid and teres minor muscles results in flat shoulder deformity. Loss of sensation in the skin over the regimental badge area. [9]
The infraspinatus and subscapularis have significant roles in scapular plane shoulder abduction , generating forces that are two to three times greater than the force produced by the supraspinatus muscle. [6] However, the supraspinatus is more effective for general shoulder abduction because of its moment arm. [7]
Supraspinatus muscle helps in 0°-15° arm abduction. And Infraspinatus helps in lateral rotation (external rotation) of humerus. Suprascapular nerve entrapment syndrome , causing shoulder pain and localized muscular atrophy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles.
These muscles attach to the surface of the scapula and are responsible for the internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint, along with humeral abduction. The extrinsic muscles include the biceps, triceps, and deltoid muscles and attach to the coracoid process and supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, infraglenoid tubercle of the ...