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History of Russian garmons and the Tula musical factory; History of the different types of Russian garmons (in Russian) Saratov garmon (in Russian) Georgian accordions; The Nardin Gallery, (from Iran) has many photos of rare garmons and accordions. Russian Garmon (in Russian), articles, books, sheet music, video and audiorecords forum
Khromka (Russian: хро́мка, khromka) is a type of Russian garmon (unisonoric diatonic button accordion). It is the most widespread variant in Russia and in the former USSR. Nearly all Russian garmons made since the mid of the 20th century are khromkas.
Bayan; Classification: Free-reed aerophone: Hornbostel–Sachs classification: 412.132: Playing range; Right-hand manual: The Russian bayan and chromatic button accordions have a much greater right-hand range in scientific pitch notation than accordions with a piano keyboard: five octaves, plus a minor third (written range = E2-G7, actual range = E1-C#8).
The earliest history of the accordion in Russia is poorly documented. Nevertheless, according to Russian researchers, the earliest known simple accordions were made in Tula, Russia , by Ivan Sizov and Timofey Vorontsov around 1830, after they received an early accordion from Germany. [ 9 ]
The earliest history of the accordion in Russia is poorly documented. Nevertheless, according to Russian researchers, the earliest known simple accordions were made in Tula, Russia by Timofey Vorontsov [ ru ] from 1820, and Ivan Sizov [ ru ] from 1830. [ 17 ]
The accordion was spread across the globe by the waves of Europeans who emigrated to various parts of the world in the late 19th century and early 20th century. The mid-19th-century accordion became a favorite of folk musicians for several reasons: "The new instrument's popularity [among the common masses] was a result of its unique qualities.
The Saratovskaya garmonika, named after the Russian city of Saratov, is a colorful variant on the standard one row push–pull diatonic button accordion.The chief distinguishing characteristic of this little folk accordion is that it plays the tonic scale (and major chord) on the bellows draw and the dominant on the bellows press, the reverse of a standard diatonic box.
The livenka (Russian: ливенка) or Livenskaya garmoshka (Russian: Ливенская гармошка) is a specific variety of accordion used in Russian folk music, specifically in the region around the town of Livny (Oryol Oblast), from which the instrument takes its name.