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Naturally occurring ytterbium (70 Yb) is composed of seven stable isotopes: [n 1] 168 Yb, 170 Yb– 174 Yb, and 176 Yb, with 174 Yb being the most abundant (31.83% natural abundance). 30 radioisotopes have been characterized, with the most stable being 169 Yb with a half-life of 32.014 days, 175 Yb with a half-life of 4.185 days, and 166 Yb with a half-life of 56.7 hours.
Main isotopes [1] Decay; abundance half-life (t 1/2) mode product; 166 Yb synth: 56.7 h: ε: 166 Tm: 168 Yb 0.126% stable: 169 Yb synth 32.026 d: ε: 169 Tm: 170 Yb 3.02% stable 171 Yb 14.2% stable 172 Yb 21.8% stable 173 Yb 16.1% stable 174 Yb 31.9% stable 175 Yb synth 4.185 d: β −: 175 Lu: 176 Yb 12.9% stable 177 Yb synth 1.911 h: β ...
Natural ytterbium is composed of seven stable isotopes: 168 Yb, 170 Yb, 171 Yb, 172 Yb, 173 Yb, 174 Yb, and 176 Yb, with 174 Yb being the most common, at 31.8% of the natural abundance). Thirty-two radioisotopes have been observed, with the most stable ones being 169 Yb with a half-life of 32.0 days, 175 Yb with a half-life of 4.18 days, and ...
These isotope tables show all of the known isotopes of the chemical elements, arranged with increasing atomic number from left to right and increasing neutron number from top to bottom. Half lives are indicated by the color of each isotope's cell (see color chart in each section).
Position-specific isotope analysis, also called site-specific isotope analysis, is a branch of isotope analysis aimed at determining the isotopic composition of a particular atom position in a molecule. Isotopes are elemental variants with different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, thereby having different atomic masses. Isotopes are found ...
The analysis of 'stable isotopes' is normally concerned with measuring isotopic variations arising from mass-dependent isotopic fractionation in natural systems. On the other hand, radiogenic isotope analysis [3] involves measuring the abundances of decay-products of natural radioactivity, and is used in most long-lived radiometric dating methods.
Tutorial illustration of isotope dilution analysis with fish counting in lakes. Isotope dilution is analogous to the mark and recapture method, commonly used in ecology to estimate population size. For instance, consider the determination of the number of fish (n A) in a lake. For the purpose of this example, assume all fish native to the lake ...
Archaeological materials, such as bone, organic residues, hair, or sea shells, can serve as substrates for isotopic analysis. Carbon, nitrogen and zinc isotope ratios are used to investigate the diets of past people; these isotopic systems can be used with others, such as strontium or oxygen, to answer questions about population movements and cultural interactions, such as trade.