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In the 16th-century fantasy novel Journey to the West, the Buddha in a speech reveals that there are four spiritual primates who do not belong to any of the ten categories that all beings in the universe are classified under: the Intelligent Stone Monkey (靈明石猴), the Red-Buttock Baboon (赤尻馬猴), the Interconnected-Arm Gibbon, and the Six-Eared Macaque.
The siamang has long, dense, shaggy hair, which is the darkest shade of all gibbons. The ape's long, gangling arms are longer than its legs. The average length of a siamang is 90 cm; the largest they have ever grown is 150 cm. The face of this large gibbon is mostly hairless, apart from a thin mustache.
Brachiation (from "brachium", Latin for "arm"), or arm swinging, is a form of arboreal locomotion in which primates swing from tree limb to tree limb using only their arms. During brachiation, the body is alternately supported under each forelimb.
Reflecting this mode of locomotion, the white-handed gibbon has curved fingers, elongated hands, extremely long arms and relatively short legs, giving it an intermembral index of 129.7, one of the highest of the primates. [7] As with all apes, the number of caudal vertebrae has been reduced drastically, resulting in the loss of a functional tail.
Gibbon arm skeleton (left) compared to average human male arm bone structure (right): Scapula (red), humerus (orange), ulna (yellow), and radius (blue) are shown in both structures. One unique [citation needed] aspect of a gibbon's anatomy is the wrist, which functions something like a ball-and-socket joint, allowing for biaxial movement. This ...
Brachiation was traditionally used to explain the morphology of hominids and other primates - i.e. because they evolved the brachiating habit, they evolved the morphology they have....Pongines have long arms and supple hands, but detailed examination of their musculature reveals that they really can't brachiate too well - same goes for ...
Unlike animals that have litters or lay eggs, primates are similar to humans in that they deliver one baby at a time. Increasing numbers is a long, tedious game spanning decades.
Hand and arm gestures are also important forms of communication for great apes and a single gesture can have multiple functions. [148] Chest-beating in male gorillas is a form of visual and non-vocal sound communication that serves to show fitness to both rivals and females. [150] Primates are a particularly vocal group of mammals. [81]