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s.c. (spółka cywilna): "civil law partnership", itself neither a proper legal entity nor a juridical person, as it is the partners (natural persons) who retain their separate statuses as entrepreneurs and legal entities, albeit bound by an agreement on the sharing of profits, losses and ownership of a business (common pool of assets).
Register of Health Entities - includes public and private, commercial and non-commercial healthcare entities, registered by the relevant voivode, without caps on the numbers of medical professionals employed or (in case of private entities) specific restrictions on legal form or stakeholder composition of the entity; assigns an identification ...
Finance Act 1965 [3] replaced this structure for companies and associations with a single corporate tax, which took its basic structure and rules from the income tax system. Since 1997, the UK's Tax Law Rewrite Project [4] has been modernising the UK's tax legislation, starting with income tax, while the legislation imposing corporation tax has ...
Pigovian tax is a tax on a good or service that causes a harm to society that is not paid by the users of that good or service. It is designed to pay for the negative externalities of the good. Payment in lieu of taxes is a system where an entity that is exempt from taxation makes a payment to the government instead. This payment may be ...
A corporate tax, also called corporation tax or company tax, is a type of direct tax levied on the income or capital of corporations and other similar legal entities. The tax is usually imposed at the national level, but it may also be imposed at state or local levels in some countries.
A new income tax law, passed in 1980 and effective 1981, determined only residence as the basis for taxation of worldwide income. [165] However, since 2006 Mexico taxes based on citizenship in limited situations (see above). [166] Bulgaria used to tax its citizens on worldwide income regardless of where they resided. [167]
English law recognised long ago that a corporation would have "legal personality". Legal personality simply means the entity is the subject of legal rights and duties. It can sue and be sued. Historically, municipal councils (such as the Corporation of London) or charitable establishments would be the primary examples of corporations.
Under UK tax legislation, tax payers are obliged to notify HMRC when they have a liability to tax no later than 9 months after the end of the tax year in which they became liable. Depending on the circumstances and the tax owed, they may do this by registering for self assessment and completing a tax return by January 31.