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The residential school system harmed Indigenous children significantly by removing them from their families, depriving them of their ancestral languages, and exposing many of them to physical and sexual abuse. Conditions in the schools led to student malnutrition, starvation, and disease.
The school system was in effect until 1996, when the last school closed. [20] Canada's residential school system was implemented by the federal government and administered by various churches. [20] Its purpose was to remove Aboriginal children from their homes and reserves, so they could teach them Euro-Canadian and Christian values.
The sole residential school in Canada's Atlantic Provinces, in Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia, was one such school, taking in children whom child welfare agencies believed to be at risk. There is an ongoing legacy of state intervention in Indigenous children lives via the child welfare system.
The following is a list of schools that operated as part of the Canadian Indian residential school system. [ nb 1 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The first opened in 1828, and the last closed in 1997. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] These schools operated in all Canadian provinces and territories except Prince Edward Island , and New Brunswick .
[13]: 2 The poverty rate in Canada in 2008, was among the highest of the OECD member nations, the world's wealthiest industrialized nations. [6] In 2013, Canada's high poverty rate ranked among the worst of 17 high income countries with 12.1% living in poverty. [91] Canada's child poverty rate was 15.1% compared to 12.8% in the mid-1990s.
The Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA; French: Convention de règlement relative aux pensionnats indiens, CRRPI [1]) is an agreement between the government of Canada and approximately 86,000 Indigenous peoples in Canada who at some point were enrolled as children in the Canadian Indian residential school system, a system which was in place between 1879 and 1997.
The residential school system in Canada continues to have a significant impact on Aboriginal people. We continue to struggle with the trauma of this unwanted legacy. In this book, we take a look at the history but focus on the inter-generational impacts that exist today from the residential school system.
On March 31, 1969, the federal government took over control of the school from the Roman Catholic Church, along with all of the schools in the Canadian Indian residential school system. [72] In 1981, St. Joseph's school was closed and turned into an adult education centre.