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The refugee camp on the beach of Argelès-sur-Mer. La Retirada (English: the withdrawal or the retreat) was the exodus to France from Spain between 28 January 1939 and 15 February 1939 of nearly 500,000 Republican soldiers and civilians near the end of the Spanish Civil War.
Numerous internment camps and concentration camps were located in France before, during and after World War II. Beside the camps created during World War I to intern German, Austrian and Ottoman civilian prisoners, the Third Republic (1871–1940) opened various internment camps for the Spanish refugees fleeing the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939).
Garcia, John Andres (2008) "The International Brigades and the Refugee Camps of the south of France" Manning Clark House Inc., Forrest, Australia, MacMaster, Neil and Granda, David (1990) Spanish Fighters: An oral history of civil war and exile St. Martin's Press, New York, ISBN 0-333-51021-6
[43] [44] Nevertheless, at least 140,000 refugees remained in France while 19,000 went to the French colonies of North Africa. [43] After the fall of France 10,000 [45] –15,000 [46] refugees were detained by the Nazis and deported to concentration camps. Another 10,000 joined the French Resistance [47] and more than 2,000 joined the Free ...
Present-day view of the former main street Internees in Gurs internment camp, some of them Jews, January 1941 The Camp Gurs memorial, opened in 2007. Gurs internment camp (French: Camp de Gurs, pronounced [kɑ̃ də ɡyʁs]) was an internment camp and prisoner of war camp constructed in 1939 in Gurs, a site in southwestern France, not far from Pau.
British troops pass a column of Belgian refugees near Leuven on 12 May 1940. The Exodus (French: l'Exode) refers to what was a massive flight of Belgian, Dutch, Luxembourgish, and French populations in May – June 1940 when the German army invaded Belgium, the Netherlands, and the majority of French territory during the Battle of France, after the breakthrough at Sedan.
Following the Retirada (the exodus of about half a million refugees from Spain to France in early 1939 at the end of the Spanish Civil War), [3] [4] the French government decided to use Camp Joffre to intern more than 15,000 Catalan refugees. This decision was never fully put into action, although a small influx of Catalan refugees was held ...
France's traditional view of itself as the "home of universal rights and the refuge for the persecuted in Europe" eroded in the 1930s as a result of large numbers of refugees fleeing communist rule in the Soviet Union, Nazi rule in Germany, and the defeat of the Republican faction in the Spanish Civil War.